Tool for use in gauging and forming butt hinge recesses



Aug. 31, 1954 R. G. MOUNT 2,687,753

TOOL FOR USE IN GAUGING AND FORMING BUTT HINGE RECESSES Fil ed March 21,1952 2 Shee ts-Shae t 1 Envento;

P0 barf G. ffozmfi (I ttomeg Ausz.3l, 1 954 R. G.- MOUNT TOOL FOR USE INGAUGING AND FORMING BUTT HINGE REcEssEs 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed March 21,1952 TI J 0 barf BQAQW- (Iflorneg Patented Aug. 31, 1954 UNITEDSTATESPATENT OFFICE TOOL FOR USE IN GAUGIN G AND FORMING BUTT HINGE RECESSESRobert G. Mount, Olcott, N. Y. Application March 21, 1952, Serial No.277,855

3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in hinge applying tools.

The principal object is to provide a tool of integral character whichmay be used in connection with both the door and the door lamb (to whichthe usual trim has been applied) and which, as positioned for use,serves the function of a butt hinge gage for the determination of thearea, outline and depth of the recess in which a leaf of the hinge is tobe accurately fitted and secured and in addition cooperates in asupporting and guiding capacity with the chisel used for cutting suchrecess.

A further object is to provide a tool of such construction that the workof gaging and cutting the recess for a hinge leaf may be accomplishedwith marked facility, in minimum time, with minimum effort, and withoptimum accuracy.

A further object is to provide a tool having the capacity stated andwhich may be economically fashioned as an integer.

A tool in accordance with the invention may be made in either of twospecies. In the species preferred, the tool, having provision for itsinitial accurate location with respect to the door or door jamb, isbrought into operative position by a guided rectilinear hammer-effectedmovement limited by the engagement of its body uniformly with theadjacent face of the work (door or lamb) and which, by virtue ofstructural characteristics of the tool, results in its connection to thework stably and securely during the cutting of the recess yet in amanner such that when the recess has been completed it may be quicklyand easily removed. In the other species the tool, likewise havingprovision for its initial accurate location with respect to the door ordoor jamb, is brought into operative position by a hammer-elfectedguided canting or tilting movement with like results of secure andstable attachment to the work and ease of removal. In both species noscore marks are left outside of the recess for the hinge leaf.

Both species are illustrated in the drawings wherein Figures 1 to 6 showthe preferred species and Figures 8 to 12 show the alternative species,Figure 7 showing the recess as cut by aid of either species.

Figure l is a perspective view wherein the tool is shown as positionedupon the edge face of the door and as attached to the door in readinessfor the cutting of the recess.

Figure 2 is a perspective view wherein the tool is shown positioned uponthe face of the door jaznb and as attached to the door lamb in readinessfor the cutting of the recess.

Figure 3 is a cross sectional View on the e 3-3 of Figure 1, the toolbeing shown in its attached position in full lines and being shown inits initial position in broken lines.

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 44 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary perspective view showing details of the woodpenetrating and securing features of the tool.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the tool looking at the inner facethereof, that is to say, in a position reverse to the position in Figurel, and showing an alternative variation of the wood penetratingfeatures.

Figure '7 is a sectional perspective view of the door showing details ofthe recess as cut by a chisel in connection with the use of the tool.

Figure 8 is a perspective View, similar to Figure 1 wherein the tool isof the alternative species.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the tool shown in Figure 8 aspositioned and secured uponthe door jamb.

Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of the tool as initially located.

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10 but showing the tool in itsoperative position.

Figure 12 is a plan view of the tool as inverted from its position asshown in Figure 8:, thatis to say, a plan view looking at the inner faceof,

the tool.

In both species the tool includes a frame I which determines the areaand delimits the areal outline of the recess to be cut and which has asits elements a flat longitudinal bar 2, which may be called a rear bar,flat side bars 3 coplanar and integral with the bar 2 and projectinginnormal relation from the ends thereof, a flat longitudinal bar l,parallel to the bar 2, which may be called a front bar and is located ina plane parallel to the plane of the bars 2 and 3 but offset therefrom,and relatively short integral connections 5 extending from the frontends of the bars 3 and occupying a common plane normal to the plane ofthe bars 3 and 4. The offsetting connections 5 provide shoulders whichin both species are utilized for the accurate positioning of the tool bytheir contacting engagement with the face of the door or jamb normal tothe face in which the recess is to be cut and to which the recess opensand for the planar location of the bar 4 in accordance with the depth ofthe recess to be out.

In both species the rear bar 2 is provided along its front edge with aknife element 6 which penetrates the wood to. an extent which may accordwith the depth of the recess and with a fastening or holding elementwhich insures the stable attachment of the tool to the work during therecess cutting operation and is in the form of one or more lugs 1. Twolugs l severally adjacent the bars 2 are shown in Figure 1 and a singlelug I located centrally of the bar 2 is shown in Figure 6.

The faces of the knife element 6 taper to an edge, the rear face 8 beingin a plane normal to the plane of the bar 2 and the front face 9 beingin a rearwardly and downwardly inclined plane. The lug or lugs l whichconstitute the securing element of the tool are of appropriately greaterdepth than the knife element 6 and have faces which similarly taper toan edge, their rear faces Ill being in a plane normal to the bar 2 andcommon to the rear face 8 of the knife element 6 and their front facesll being in a rearwardly and downwardly inclined plane which has a lessdegree of inclination from the bar 2 than the face 9. The lugs Jconstitute securing wedges, being tightly engaged wedge-wise with thewood stock and, during the recess cutting teperations, preventing anydisplacement of the The hammer blows by which the tool is applied to thework are delivered upon the bar 2. As a safeguard against distortion thebar 2 may be reinforced by an overlying section l2 as shown in Figure 5,the section I2 being preferably integral with the bar 2 and positionedin functional relation upon it by a folding operation followed by asecuring operation such as spot welding or riveting. The bar 4 may beprovided with a central coplanar projection 13 which serves as a handleand also for the support of the tool in the joiners kit, the projection[3 having an opening M by which the tool may be hung upon a hook. In theoperative position of the tool the bars 2 and 3 rest upon the face ofthe work. When the recess R has been cut the tool may be readilyremoved. In aid of such removal the bars 3 may be formed on their innerfaces with shallow recesses it: to receive the end of a suitableimplethem by which the tool may be pried from the work.

When the tool is applied to the work as shown in Figure 1 the bars 3serve as guides for the chisel C in making end cuts which provide theend walls R, of the recess R, the chisel being held preferably with itsflat face positioned against the inner edge face of a bar 3. The rearwall R is formed by the knife element 6 which penetrates the wood asshown in Figures 3 and 4.

After the end cuts are made the recess is completed by horizontalstrokes of the chisel, the bar i serving as a chisel support and guide.In order that the chisel may be stably and effectively guided whereby toinsure movement of its cutting edge in a plane parallel to the face ofthe work upon which the tool rests, the bar is made of substantial widthbetween its front and rear edges, a width of the order of a half inchbeing preferred, thereby to provide a relatively extensive flatsupporting surface for the chisel. In cutting the recess the chise1 ispositioned horizontally with its flat face in uniform contact with theouter face of the bar 4, as best shown in Figure '11, and, by a seriesof horizontal strokes, removes the material delimited by the end cutsand the cut made by the knife element 5. In the horizontal stroke of thechisel it is not necessary or desirable that its edge be brought intocontact with the faces 9 and H. The joiner will readily determine theproper extent of the chisel strokes which are terminated short ofcontact with the faces 9 and I l but quite near them, the material thussevered being readily'pulled away from the wall R It will be noted thatthe extent of the shoulders 5 between the bars 3 and 4 is such as tolocate the bar I with its chise1 supporting face substantially co-planarwith the cutting edge of the knife element 6 and in a plane exactlyparallel to the plane of the face of the work in which the recess iscut. Thereby accuracy is insured in the depth of the recess and itssupporting face will be even, smooth and accurately planar. It followsthat the hinge leaf will be accurately fitted and securely attached.

In the species shown in Figures 1 to 6 the tool is initially positionedwith its bars 2 and 3 located above and spaced from the face of the workin which the recess is to be cut and in a plane parallel to such face.This initial positioning is shown in broken lines in Figure 3, the toolbeing supported at such time by the lug or lugs 1 which rest upon thesurface of the work. The plane of the bars 2 and 3 in parallel relationto the plane of the work is maintained by a projection (or projections)it which extends for a suitable distance below the bar 3 and from itsinner edge, the inner face ii of the projection being in a plane normalto the plane of the bar t and being in contact with the face of the worknormal to the face in which the recess is to be cut and to which therecess is open at its front. In Figures 1 and 2 the projection It isshown in broken lines as extending continuously between pointscoincident with the inner ends of the offsetting shoulders 5, theengagement of the face H of the projection with the adjoining face ofthe work giving the tool lateral sup-port which prevents its canting andwhich insures that its movement under the hammer blows toward and uponthe work, and with its knife element 6 and its lug i penetrating thework, will be of rectilinear character.

The use of the tool of the form shown in Figure 1 for gaging and cuttinga recess R in the door jamb J is shown in Figures 2 and i, the jambcarrying the usual trim T, the edge T of which is ofiset back of theface of the jamb in which the recess is to be cut. The trim T is a partseparate from the jamb and is secured to it in any suitable manner,usually by nails. With the trim thus secured there is a very narrowinterstice between it and the adjoining face of the jamb, thisinterstice being sufficiently indicated in Figure 2 by the line T Inorder that the tool of the form shown in Figure 1 may be used forcutting a recess R in the door jamb provision is made whereby the trim Twill not present an obstruction to the projection 16 in the rectilinearmovement of the tool from its initial position to its operativeposition. This provision consists in grinding the outer face E8 of theprojection is in tapering relation to the face I! whereby the two faceswill meet along a relatively sharp edge E9, the grinding being such thatthe thickness of the projection I6 is materially reduced from thethickness which it originally had in the tool blank as produced inmanufacture by the punching and cutting operationv Thereby theprojection It will readily enter the interstice between the trim T andthe j amb J. The thinness of the projection i5 is such that itpenetrates the interstice without marring effect. It is, moreover, to benoted that the portion of the interstice which is penetrated by theprojection 16 will in any event not be seen because it will be coveredby a hinge leaf.

In the alternative variation shown in Figure 6,

instead of the single continuous projection I 6 shown in Figures 1 andtwo relatively short projections 16 are provided, these being located ateach end of the tool in adjacency to the offsetting shoulders 5. The twoprojections it of Figure 6 have the same characteristics as the projection [6 shown in Figures 1 and 2 and are similarly ground to asuitable degree of taper and thinness.

The principal difference of the species shown in Figures 8 to 12 fromthe species shown in Figures 1 to 6 is that the projection orprojections IS- are omitted and the movement of the tool under thehammer blows from its initial position to its operative position is acanting movement. In Figure 8 the tool of the second species is shown inits operative position for the cutting of a recess in the edge face ofthe door. In Figures 9 and 11 the tool is shown in its operativeposition for cutting a recess in the face of a jamb. In Figure the toolis shown in its initial position upon the j amb, the initial positioningof the tool when used for cutting a recess in the door being similar.

In the initial position of the tool as shown in Figure 10 the lugs Irest upon the face of the work and the inner and lower longitudinalcorner edge 20 of the bar 4 rests against the face of th work normal isto be cut, the

to the face in which the recess bars 2 and 3 being in a plane 1 which isinclined forwardly and downwardly.

When the hammer blows are applied to the bar 2 the movement of the tooltoward the work is a canting or tilting movement in which the corneredge 20 of the bar 4 bears upon the adjacent face of the work and servesas a fulcrum. The movement of the tool toward the work is limited by theengagement of the inner faces of the bars 2 and 3 with the face of thework at which time the knife element 6 and the lugs 1 will haveponetrated the work to the permissible extent. The manner of the use ofthe tool of the species shown in Figures 8 to 12 is the same as abovedescribed.

In manufacturing the tool is produced as a blank by a cutting andpunching operation, all of its parts being in coplanar relation. Afolding operation is then employed to produce the shoulders 5 and toeffect the offsetting of the bar 4. If the bar 2 is to be reinforced inthe manner shown in Figure 5 a folding operation is employed to positionthe section [2 upon the bar 2, the section I2 being thereupon suitablysecured as by spot welding or riveting. A folding operation is alsoemployed to position the knife element 6 and the lug 1 to projectnormally from the inner longitudinal edge of the bar 2 and, if theprojection or projections [6 be employed, a folding operation is used tocause the projections to extend normally from the bar 4. The knifeelement 6 is then ground to produce the tapering face 9 and the lugs Iare ground to produce the tapering faces II. If the projection orprojections I 6 are employed they are ground to reduce their thicknessand to produce the tapering faces I8. The

blank is also operated upon to produce the recess 15 in the bars 3. Themanufacturing procedure is extremely simple with the result that thefinished tool may be produced with the greatest economy.

It will, of course, be understood that the tools will be made andarranged in sizes which will accord with the various standard dimensionsof the hingle leaves and that the joiner will carry a number of tools ofvarying sizes to enable the selection of a tool which will beappropriate for the dimensions of the particular hinge to be fitted.

I claim:

1. A tool for use in gaging and forming butt hinge recesses in the formof a frame having integrally connected parts comprising a fiat rear bar,flat side bars coplanar with the rear bar and projecting from the endsthereof in normal relation thereto, a fiat front bar parallel. to therear bar and offset from the side bars in a plane parallel to the commonplane of the side bars and the rear bar, connections extending from thefront ends of the side bars and occupying a common plane normal to theplane of the side bars and the front bar, the connections carrying andoffsetting the front bar and providing shoulders to bear during thecutting of the recess against the face of the work normal to the face inwhich the recess is to be cut, the rear and side bars bearing upon theface of the work during the cutting of the recess, a knife elementextending from the front edge of the rear bar and having a rear face ina plane normal to the plane of the rear bar and a tapering front facewhich meets the rear face along an edge, the knife element determiningthe depth of the recess, the inner edge faces of the side bars providingguides for a chisel to be used for making end cuts in connection withthe formation of the recess, and a fastening element for the tool whichconsists of a lug extending from the front edge of the rear bar, ofgreater depth than the knife element and having a rear face in a planenormal to the plane of the rear bar and a tapering front face whichmeets the rear face along an edge, the front face of the lug having aless degree of inclination than the front face of the knife element, thelug being adapted by hammer blows applied to the rear bar for tightwedge wise engagement with the wood stock of the work, thereby toprevent displacement of the tool during the cutting of the recess, theshoulder providing connections being of an extent between the side barsand the front bar to insure the location of the front bar in a planewhich accords with the depth of the recess to be cut and is parallel tothe plane of the face of the work in which the recess is to be cut, thefront bar being of a width between its front and rear edges to provide arelatively extensive fiat supporting and guiding surface for uniformcontacting engagement by the flat side of the chisel by which the stockwithin the space delimited by the rear and side bars may be cut away tocomplete the recess, said supporting and guiding surface and the edg ofthe knife element being substantially in a common plane.

2. A tool as set forth in claim 1 wherein the front bar carries alongits rear edge a projection having a rear face normal to the plane of thefront bar and a front face tapering to meet the rear face along an edge.

'3. A tool as set forth in claim 1 wherein the side bars are provided ontheir inner faces with recesses to receive the end of an implement bywhich the tool may be pried from the work when the cutting of the recesshas been completed.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS PriebeApr. 3,

